<!-- official-source:start --> No part of it is retroactive, unless expressly so declared. (Enacted 1872.) <!-- official-source:end --> [California Legislative Information](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=3.&lawCode=CIV) - Official bulk export checked 2026-10-27T21:36:57.7010540Z.